Publications

We study necessary conditions for stability of a Numerov-type compact higher-order finite-difference scheme for the 1D homogeneous wave equation in the case of non-uniform spatial meshes. We first show that the uniform in time stability cannot be valid in any spatial norm provided that the complex eigenvalues appear in the associated mesh eigenvalue problem. Moreover, we prove that then the solution norm grows exponentially in time making the scheme strongly non-dissipative and therefore impractical. Numerical results confirm this conclusion. In addition, for some sequences of refining spatial meshes, an excessively strong condition between steps in time and space is necessary (even for the non-uniform in time stability) which is familiar for explicit schemes in the parabolic case.

Sellers often have the power to censor the reviews of their products. We explore the effect of these censorship policies in markets where some consumers are unaware of possible censorship. We find that if the share of such "naive" consumers is not too large, then rational consumers treat any bad review that is revealed in equilibrium as good news about product quality. This makes bad reviews worth revealing and allows the seller to use them to signal his product's quality to rational consumers.

This paper presents a novel combinatorial approach for voting rule analysis. Applying reversal symmetry, we introduce a new class of preference profiles and a new representation (bracelet representation) of preference profiles. By applying an impartial, anonymous, and neutral culture model for the case of three alternatives, we obtain precise theoretical values for the number of election scores for the plurality rule, the Kemeny rule, the Borda rule, and the scoring rules in the extreme case.

Doctoral education worldwide is characterized by parallel trends toward diversity and, at the same time, toward unification. There is no such thing as a standard doctoral education model. The landscape of doctoral education across the world is quite diverse and there is a considerable rise in its variations and flexibility. However, doctoral education has become a global market with flows of international students, faculty, and graduates who create a demand for unification of standards and benchmarking.

Purpose – The paper investigates changes in consumption of pure alcohol, vodka, beer, wine and fortified wine by neighboring age classes of Russians. Design/methodology/approach – Data source is the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – HSE from 2000 to 2017. Age groups are those born in 1934 and older, in 1935–1944 and further with a 10-years interval till the group of 1985 and younger. The amount of consumed alcohol is estimated with Heckman model. LR-test is used to determine the similarity of alcohol consumption behavior of age groups. Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition presents the difference in the average level of alcohol consumption among two neighboring age classes with the explained and unexplained parts. Findings – Male and female respondents from the group (1985þ) drink significantly less absolute alcohol than the previous age class born in 1975–1984. Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition shows that an increase in absolute alcohol consumption for women and a decrease in absolute alcohol consumption for men come from the unexplained difference of consumption volumes. Policy measures should be targeted on the prevention of excessive alcohol consumption among Russian women since they demonstrate an increase in the consumption of vodka, beer and fortified wine from one generation to another. Originality/value – For the first time, the paper presents decomposition of changes in alcohol consumption volumes for neighboring age groups of Russians. The change in consumption volumes might be due to the change of objective characteristics of individuals and unobservable factors like the influence of advertising, government policy and the entry of new alcohol producers into the market.

Russian authorities have been increasingly willing to facilitate apolitical self-organization to deal with day-to-day problems in people’s life. This enables the regime to channel the energy of the Russian civil society away from collective voice into the politically harmless collective exit. A case in point is community self-organization known as “territorial self-management” (TSM), which is supported by local administrations through cost-sharing and other means. We use a unique dataset on TSM in the city of Kirov to demonstrate that such initiatives accommodate a surrogate form of civic culture, where the sense of civic duties co-exists with skepticism about political voice and with the preference for government patronage.  TSM build loyalty to the government in the society, but could also spark broader collective action restoring the agency relation between society and government.

We construct a new spatial finite-difference discretization for a regularized 3D Navier--Stokes--Cahn--Hilliard system of equations. The system {can be attributed to phase field type models} and describes flows of a viscous compressible isothermal two-component two-phase fluid with surface effects; the potential body force is also taken into account. In the discretization, the main sought functions are defined on one and the same mesh, and an original approximation of the solid wall boundary conditions (homogene\-ous with the discretization of equations) is suggested. The discretization has an important property of the total energy dissipativity allowing one to eliminate completely the so-called spurious currents. The discrete total mass and component mass conservation laws hold as well, and the discretization is also well-balanced for the equilibrium solutions. To ensure that the concentration $C$ remains within a physical\-ly meaningful interval $(0,1)$, the non-convex part of the Helmholtz free energy is taken in a special logarithmic form (the Flory--Huggins potential). The speed of sound can depend on $C$ that leads to different equilibrium mass densities of the ``pure'' phases. The results of numerical 3D simulations are also presented including those with a gravitational-type force. The positive role of the relaxation parameter is discussed too.

This paper evaluates the design of current contractual incentive mechanisms in Russian universities after recent significant contractual reforms in the national academic sector. We employ the theoretical framework of incentive contracts in order to identify and assess performance measures of university faculty determining the total income received from teaching, research and administrative duties. We show that for the entire sample, faculty salary is positively associated with publication activity. Teaching is significant only for the entire sample, but not significant for research-oriented universities and HEIs with no special status. Administrative duties (expressed in the position held) are positively related to faculty pay: the largest effect is for rectors and vice-rectors, but for deans and heads of departments or laboratories the effect is also strong. Heads of universities and structural units receive a significant bonus for their administrative position. For research-oriented universities the largest effect in publication activity is for the number of papers in high ranking journals. In universities with no research status we discovered a significant gender gap: the male faculty earn more than their female colleagues. There is a positive linear relationship between salary and seniority for the entire sample and in universities with no special status.

The purpose of the article is to present a methodological approach to assessing the state of the risk to the environment from man-made emergencies at chemically hazardous sites. The methodological approach is based on an expert method, the use of which allowed the authors to create the structure of the risk management system and, determine the plurality of criteria parameters while taking into account their weight in the formation of the environmental consequences of chemical accidents. Criteria parameters were grouped into clusters of physicochemical and toxicological properties of hazardous chemicals used at a chemical plant, equipment operating at an enterprise, personnel, and environmental vulnerability. The research became the basis of the Guidelines for Assessing the Environmental Risk from Emergencies at Chemically Hazardous Sites. As an example, the article presents the calculation of the level of environmental risk for a terrestrial site from the metallurgical enterprise LLP Kazakhmys Smelting, in Zhezkazgan town, Republic of Kazakhstan. The developed methodology is the basis of the Information and Analytical System for Assessing the Environmental Consequences of Man-made Emergencies, which allows users to facilitate the implementation of a set of measures aimed to forecast and reduce the impact of emergency’s damaging factors on the environment.

This work is devoted to the methodology for identifying structurally close objects of the type “country_year” based on a system of indicators characterizing the state capacity 1996–2015. A comparison of clustering methods (including hierarchical clustering) with methods of analyzing patterns based on a pairwise comparison of indicators, ordinal-fixed and ordinal-invariant pattern clustering, is proposed. The possibility of sharing the methods of clustering and pattern analysis to obtain interpretable results from the point of view of political science is demonstrated. Groups of countries with similar development paths by reference years on the basis of a dynamic analysis of patterns are identified. The dynamic change in state capacity (from the point of view of the selected indicator system) of 166 countries of the world is determined.

We prove the well-posedness of some non-linear stochastic differential equations in the sense of McKean-Vlasov driven by non-degenerate symmetric αα-stable Lévy processes with values in RdRd under some mild Hölder regularity assumptions on the drift and diffusion coefficients with respect to both space and measure variables. The methodology developed here allows to consider unbounded drift terms even in the so-called super-critical case, i.e. when the stability index α∈(0,1)α∈(0,1). New strong well-posedness results are also derived from the previous analysis.

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The search for sources of regional development is important due to the slowdown in economic growth and the need to shift the emphasis in industrial policy from the macro level to the level of regions and individual companies, their presence affecting society and the environment in specific territories. In this regard, the paper proposes to consider the participation of business companies in reputation ratings as a new source of increasing the investment attractiveness of the regions: corporate ratings reflect socio-economic reputation of companies, determining whether one meets the goals of sustainable development. This, in turn, enhances socio-economic development of regions.

The paper elicits positive impact of high corporate ratings on the level of socio-economic development of regions of the companies’ presence, opening a new cluster for interdisciplinary research at the intersection of corporate finance and regional economics.

On the example of 130 biggest Russian public non-financial sector companies authors obtained several significant results, which make it possible to determine the degree of influence of corporate ratings on the socio-economic situation of regions of their presence and corporate financial performance. The set of researched ratings includes Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RUIE) Sustainable development Index, WWF Russia Environmental responsibility rating, and Corporate social responsibility rating of Association of Managers of Russia (AMR).

The calculations showed that the participation of companies in the ratings of WWF Russia and RSPP positively affects the place of the region in the ranking of socio-economic development, as well as indicators of the sustainable development of their regions. This made it possible to detect positive effects for the regions from the participation of companies in reputation ratings. At the same time, the influence of companies' participation in the WWF Russia rating is higher in modulus than the influence of participation in the RUIE rating. In addition, it was found that reputation ratings have a positive effect on the return on assets and market capitalization of Russian companies in the real sector, thus, the presence of an effect in the idea of increasing additional income from participation in ratings at the micro level was proved.

Positive impact of reputational ratings on companies’ return on assets and market capitalization discovered, which means that Russian companies benefit from participating in such ratings. Moreover, participation of companies operating in region in WWF Russia and RUIE ratings raises its position in socio-economic ranking. At the same time, different ratings affect corporate performance in different ways. Company’s leadership in RUIE rating increases its attractiveness for investors, employees and other stakeholders, improving conditions for conducting business, while for Environmental responsibility rating by WWF Russia even company’s involvement increases its profitability and market capitalization. Meanwhile, Corporate social responsibility rating enhances market capitalization of Russian non-financial companies stronger than other examined ratings.

Overall, the present research demonstrates the necessity of expanding Russian companies’ participation in reputational ratings and improvement of both corporate and regional socio-economic sustainability. These findings emphasize the necessity for expanding the practice of participation of Russian companies in corporate ratings, as well as an importance of further research in companies’ activities for improvement of corporate reputation, and its impact on the investing attractiveness and sustainable development of regions.

The manuscript aims to develop the method that stipulate optimal conditions of manufacturing company financing by bank and government, which will secure, from the one hand, company’s-borrower effective operation and, from the other hand, timely fulfillment its obligations to creditors. The idea of the method is based on the stakeholder concept principles. The following manuscript analysis main stakeholders of key participants of project of manufacturing company financing – bank, government and manufacturing company – and their interests. To end the purpose of the manuscript, authors develop simulation economic-and –mathematic model that defines company’s manufacturing cycle and procedure of its activity financing. The manuscript is based on the researches of leading Russian and foreign scientists (economists) in the field of Russian manufacturing industry performance, finance, banking, stakeholder theory, while preparing the study authors have also used Rosstat’s statistical data.

The article is devoted to modeling the level of long term wages changes expectations of employees, depending on events in their life or in society (channels of wage mobility) which are caused the corresponding expectations. The shadow price of different wage mobility channels is calculated. Shadow price is considered as a cost for the state and society caused by social expectations of the channels profitability. Two approaches to measuring the shadow price are proposed when shadow price recognized: (a) as a societal characteristic that reflects the gap between the expectations associated with the use of certain mobility channels and the basic (minimum) level of social expectations in society or (b) as a characteristic that means the difference between individual wage expectations and the prediction of wages based on the minimum individual life chances on the labor market. We consider channels of wage mobility with internal and external locus of expectations' formation (individual changes vs. changes in the macro environment) and with the source of changes determined by individual activity or the natural course of events (intentional vs. inertial changes). We are also focusing on the wage mobility channels that reflect the social expectations of realizing the "protective" policy by the state. The calculations are based on data of mass survey conducted in May-June 2018 using national representative quota sample.

This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under Grant number 16-18-10270.